PhilosophersIbn Khaldoun

Ibn Khaldoun

Civilisations rise and fall with the strength of their solidarity.

Philosophy of history1332 – 1406 TunisiaHistorianThinker of society and historyMaliki judge (qadi)Statesman
vers 1351
Lubab al-muhassal (summary of theology)

A youthful work, written at nineteen: a summary of a theological treatise by Fakhr al-Din al-Razi. Not in our corpus.

Written and published by the author
1377, revue jusqu'en 1406
The Muqaddimah (Prolegomena) essential

The introduction and first book of his universal history: the historian's method, then the "science of civilisation" (Bedouin and urban life, dynasties, taxation, crafts, sciences). First draft in five months in 1377, then corrected and enlarged all his life: the editions do not all give the same text.

Written and published by the author
vers 1377-1406
Kitab al-'Ibar (The Book of Lessons)

His universal history, of which the Muqaddima is the introduction. The part on the Berbers and the Maghreb, translated by de Slane (History of the Berbers, 1852-1856), remains a major source. Not in our corpus.

Written and published by the author
vers 1395-1406
Al-Ta'rif (Autobiography)

One of the few life stories written by a medieval Arab author about himself: his missions, his disgraces, his meeting with Tamerlane. Not in our corpus.

Written and published by the author