PhilosophersConfucius
Confucius
Becoming human through learning, ritual and benevolence.
Confucianismv. 551 – 479 av. J.-C. ChinaTeacher of wisdomVirtue ethicsPolitical thinkerEducator
Inspirations
Le duc de Zhouhis model ruler
Les Classiques (Odes, Documents)the tradition he "transmits"
Heirs
Menciushuman nature is good
Xunzihuman nature is bad, ritual corrects it
Zhu Xi Neo-Confucianism
Lao Tseu against taught virtues and ritual
criticHan Feithe Legalists: law and punishment rather than virtue
criticSimilar and opposite philosophers
how it is computedClosest
Viktor Frankl Psychiatrist and camp survivor: we find meaning by giving ourselves to a cause, and happiness comes as a by-product.
100 %Aristotle Observe, classify, reason: happiness through virtue.
88 %Henri Bergson The free act springs from our whole personality: lived duration cannot be cut up like space.
86 %Francis Hutcheson We have a "moral sense" that approves of benevolence; the best action is the one that brings the greatest happiness to the greatest numbers.
86 %